Send Bulk Emails from a Sheet

Sending personalised emails to a list of recipients is one of the most common Apps Script use cases. By reading from a Google Sheet and building dynamic email content per row, you can send hundreds of unique emails in a single script run — while tracking which ones have already been sent.

Basic Bulk Email Loop

function sendBulkEmails() {
  var sheet = SpreadsheetApp
    .getActiveSpreadsheet()
    .getSheetByName("Sales Tracker");

  var data = sheet.getRange(2, 1, sheet.getLastRow() - 1, 7).getValues();
  // Columns: [Customer Name, Email, Product, Amount, Region, Sales Rep, Status]

  data.forEach(function(row) {
    var customerName = row[0];
    var email = row[1];
    var product = row[2];
    var amount = row[3];

    var subject = "Welcome to Acme Corp – Your " + product + " is Active";
    var body = "Hi " + customerName + ",\n\nYour " + product + " ($" + amount + "/mo) is now active.\n\nBest,\nAcme Corp Team";

    GmailApp.sendEmail(email, subject, body);
    Logger.log("Sent to: " + email);
  });
}

Tracking Sent Emails with a Status Column

To avoid sending duplicates on re-runs, add an Email Sent column (column I) and check it before sending:

function sendBulkEmailsWithTracking() {
  var sheet = SpreadsheetApp
    .getActiveSpreadsheet()
    .getSheetByName("Sales Tracker");

  var lastRow = sheet.getLastRow();
  var data = sheet.getRange(2, 1, lastRow - 1, 9).getValues();
  // Columns: [Customer Name, Email, Product, Amount, Region, Sales Rep, Status, Date, Email Sent]

  data.forEach(function(row, index) {
    var customerName = row[0];
    var email = row[1];
    var product = row[2];
    var amount = row[3];
    var salesRep = row[5];
    var status = row[6];
    var emailSent = row[8]; // Column I

    if (status !== "Closed") return;
    if (emailSent === "Sent") return; // Skip already-sent rows

    var firstName = customerName.split(" ")[0];
    var subject = "Welcome to Acme Corp, " + firstName + "!";
    var htmlBody = `
      <p>Hi ${firstName},</p>
      <p>Thank you for choosing the <strong>${product}</strong> plan at <strong>$${amount}/month</strong>.</p>
      <p>Your dedicated account manager is <strong>${salesRep}</strong>. Don't hesitate to reach out with any questions.</p>
      <br>
      <p>Best regards,<br>The Acme Corp Team</p>
    `;

    GmailApp.sendEmail(email, subject, "", { htmlBody: htmlBody });

    // Mark as sent in the sheet
    sheet.getRange(index + 2, 9).setValue("Sent");
    Logger.log("Email sent to " + email);
  });
}

With the sample data, emails go to Sarah Johnson and Lisa Park (Closed). Mark Chen is skipped. On re-runs, the Sent flag prevents duplicates.

Sending a Weekly Digest to Sales Reps

This groups closed deals by sales rep and sends each rep their own summary:

function sendWeeklyDigestToReps() {
  var sheet = SpreadsheetApp
    .getActiveSpreadsheet()
    .getSheetByName("Sales Tracker");

  var data = sheet.getRange(2, 1, sheet.getLastRow() - 1, 8).getValues();

  // Group deals by sales rep
  var repData = {};
  data.forEach(function(row) {
    var salesRep = row[5];
    var status = row[6];
    if (status !== "Closed") return;
    if (!repData[salesRep]) repData[salesRep] = [];
    repData[salesRep].push(row);
  });

  // Sales rep email mapping
  var repEmails = {
    "Alex Martinez": "[email protected]",
    "Jordan Lee": "[email protected]",
    "Sam Rivera": "[email protected]"
  };

  Object.keys(repData).forEach(function(repName) {
    var deals = repData[repName];
    var email = repEmails[repName];
    if (!email) return;

    var rows = deals.map(function(row) {
      return `<tr><td>${row[0]}</td><td>${row[2]}</td><td>$${row[3]}/mo</td></tr>`;
    }).join("");

    var total = deals.reduce(function(sum, row) { return sum + row[3]; }, 0);

    var htmlBody = `
      <h2>Weekly Closed Deals – ${repName}</h2>
      <table border="1" cellpadding="8" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;">
        <thead style="background:#4A90D9;color:#fff;">
          <tr><th>Customer</th><th>Product</th><th>Amount</th></tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>${rows}</tbody>
      </table>
      <p><strong>Total: $${total}/mo</strong></p>
    `;

    GmailApp.sendEmail(email, "Your Weekly Closed Deals Digest", "", { htmlBody: htmlBody });
    Logger.log("Digest sent to " + repName);
  });
}

Gmail Daily Send Limits

Google imposes a daily sending limit:

Consumer Gmail: 500 emails/day
Google Workspace: 1,500 emails/day

For large lists, add Utilities.sleep(200) between sends to avoid hitting rate limits:

GmailApp.sendEmail(email, subject, body);
Utilities.sleep(200); // 200ms pause between emails